CampusDownWiki
Total citations 7,579한국어KO 2,658EnglishEN 2,903日本語JA 671中文ZH 1,347
CampusDown ↗
English
College Trading CommunityWow~ How I won 1st place in an investing contest... take a look.Get $100 free when you open an account - GoldStudyNet#Tesla#Nvidia#Gold#Nasdaq#TradeTodayAfterSignupCollege Trading CommunityGo to GoldStudyNet Sponsored

Flynn effect

🧠 Psychology By CampusDown Wiki Editorial Team Last updated
The Flynn effect is the substantial rise in IQ test scores across generations observed in many countries during the 20th century.
Contents
  1. 1. Flynn effect
  2. 2. Frequently asked questions
  3. 3. References

Flynn effect

James Flynn documented that average IQ scores rose across generations (14 nations, 1987). A meta-analysis estimated gains of roughly 2–3 points per decade worldwide (1909–2013). Proposed environmental causes include nutrition, schooling, smaller families and societies demanding abstract thinking; gains were largest on fluid reasoning tests. Some countries show a reverse Flynn effect; Norwegian sibling data suggest both trends are environmental (Bratsberg & Rogeberg, 2018). Tests must be renormed regularly; see theories of intelligence.

Frequently asked questions

Are people really smarter?
Scores rose; interpretations differ.
What is the reverse Flynn effect?
Recent declines in some countries.

References

  1. Flynn, J. R. (1987). Massive IQ gains in 14 nations: What IQ tests really measure. Psychological Bulletin, 101(2), 171–191.
  2. Pietschnig, J., & Voracek, M. (2015). One century of global IQ gains: A formal meta-analysis of the Flynn effect (1909–2013). Perspectives on Psychological Science, 10(3), 282–306.
  3. Bratsberg, B., & Rogeberg, O. (2018). Flynn effect and its reversal are both environmentally caused. PNAS, 115(26), 6674–6678.

Reports and materials that use this theory (Korean)

There are no materials dedicated to this theory yet, but you can search related reports in the CampusDown library (Korean).

Find more reports · Search '플린 효과' on CampusDown →
Theories of IntelligenceDefinitions and theories of intelligence: Spearman's g, Thurstone's primary mental abilities, Cattell and Horn's fluid and crystallized intelligence, CHC theory, Gardner's multiple intelligences, Sternberg's triarchic theory, IQ tests and the Flynn effect.🧠 PsychologyGardner's Theory of Multiple IntelligencesHoward Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences (1983) holds that intelligence is not one general ability but several relatively independent ones. Covers the eight intelligences and existential candidate, Gardner's criteria, classroom uses, and criticism.📚 EducationEmotional intelligenceWhat is emotional intelligence? Salovey and Mayer’s 1990 definition, the four branches of perceiving, using, understanding and managing emotions, how Goleman’s mixed model differs, how EQ is measured (MSCEIT vs. self-report), what research says about work and school, and common criticisms.🧠 PsychologyMaslow's Hierarchy of NeedsMaslow's hierarchy of needs explained: definition, the five levels, deficiency vs. growth needs, the pyramid myth, empirical criticisms and limitations, report examples for social work, nursing and business, and references.🧠 Psychology

You may also like

The Rule of LawWhat is the rule of law? Its meaning and history from Magna Carta to United States v. Nixon, Dicey and Fuller's principles, and how it differs from rule by law.⚖️ LawCivil Procedure StepsCivil procedure steps explained: complaint, answer, pretrial, discovery, trial, judgment and appeal, with Korean and U.S. deadlines, small claims and key cases.⚖️ LawCommon Law vs. Civil LawCommon law vs. civil law: how the two legal families differ on sources of law, precedent, trials and judges, and where Korea's mixed system fits between them.⚖️ LawBrown v. Board of Education (1954)Brown v. Board of Education (1954) summary: the case, Chief Justice Warren's unanimous ruling, why 'separate but equal' fell, and what happened after.⚖️ Law

More on CampusDown (Korean)

Latest ArticlesView all ›

New guides for college study and assignments (Korean)

This article was last updated on October 24, 2026. It is based on widely recognized original works and textbooks; when citing it in a paper, please check the original sources listed in the references.