Impressionism

🤔 Philosophy & Ethics By CampusDown Wiki Editorial Team Last updated October 15, 2026

Quick answer: Impressionism was a late-19th-century French painting movement that used quick brushwork to capture momentary effects of light and colour rather than fixed forms.

Contents

1. Origins
2. Characteristics
3. Legacy
4. References

Origins

The Academy and its Salon prized history painting and smooth finish. In 1874 Monet, Renoir, Pissarro, Degas, Morisot and others held their own exhibition in the photographer Nadar's former studio. Critic Louis Leroy mocked Monet's Impression, Sunrise, and "Impressionists" stuck. Eight exhibitions followed until 1886.

Characteristics

Plein-air painting: portable paint tubes made outdoor work practical.
Broken colour: unmixed strokes placed side by side blend in the eye; shadows carry colour.
Momentary effects: Monet's Haystacks and Rouen Cathedral series track changing light and weather.
Modern life: cafés, railway stations, dances and suburban leisure.

Legacy

It led to Seurat's pointillism (Neo-Impressionism) and the Post-Impressionism of Cézanne, Van Gogh and Gauguin, and is often seen as the starting point of modern art.

References

Rewald, J. (1973). The History of Impressionism (4th ed.). Museum of Modern Art.
Herbert, R. L. (1988). Impressionism: Art, Leisure, and Parisian Society. Yale University Press.
Gombrich, E. H. (1995). The Story of Art (16th ed.). Phaidon.

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This article was last updated on October 15, 2026. It is based on widely recognized original works and textbooks; when citing it in a paper, please check the original sources listed in the references.