Sensory integration
Sensory integration is how the brain organises input from touch, sight and hearing as well as the vestibular (balance) and proprioceptive (body position) senses. A. Jean Ayres developed the theory and therapy in the 1970s. Difficulties may include over-responsivity, under-responsivity or motor-planning problems; they can co-occur with autism or ADHD but are not a diagnosis in themselves. A 2018 systematic review found evidence for Ayres Sensory Integration® for some goals in autistic children, while the AAP (2012) noted limited evidence and advised setting clear goals and evaluating outcomes. Seek assessment from qualified professionals.
Frequently asked questions
- Who provides the therapy?
- Mainly trained occupational therapists.
- Is sensory sensitivity a disorder?
- Not necessarily; seek assessment if it affects daily life.
References
- Ayres, A. J. (1972). Sensory integration and learning disorders. Western Psychological Services.
- Schaaf, R. C., Dumont, R. L., Arbesman, M., & May-Benson, T. A. (2018). Efficacy of occupational therapy using Ayres Sensory Integration®: A systematic review. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 72(1), 7201190010.
- American Academy of Pediatrics. (2012). Sensory integration therapies for children with developmental and behavioral disorders. Pediatrics, 129(6), 1186–1189.