Normalcy bias

Overview

Disaster researchers (e.g. Drabek, 1986) observed that people warned of danger often seek confirmation and consult others before acting. Familiar frames, past false alarms and social cues delay evacuation. Related: optimism bias and gray rhino. Drills and “evacuate first” rules help.

Frequently asked questions

Is it always bad?

It reduces daily anxiety but can delay crisis response.

References

1. Omer, H., & Alon, N. (1994). The continuity principle: A unified approach to disaster and trauma. American Journal of Community Psychology, 22(2), 273–287.
2. Drabek, T. E. (1986). Human System Responses to Disaster. Springer.
3. Ripley, A. (2008). The Unthinkable: Who Survives When Disaster Strikes — and Why. Crown.