Causes and symptoms
It's thought to result from Malassezia yeast that lives on skin, oil production, and your immune response. Expect dandruff and itch on the scalp and red, greasy flakes on the brows, around the nose, and behind the ears. Unlike dry, intensely itchy eczema or the thick, silvery plaques of psoriasis, it looks oily. Stress, poor sleep, and cold, dry weather can trigger flares. In babies it's called cradle cap.
Treatment and upkeep
For the scalp, use shampoos with ketoconazole, zinc pyrithione, or selenium sulfide: lather, leave on for about 5 minutes, then rinse, 2–3 times a week. On the face, a dermatologist may prescribe an antifungal cream or a short course of a mild anti-inflammatory. The goal is control rather than cure, so many people keep using a medicated shampoo weekly.
This article is general health information and is not a substitute for diagnosis or treatment. If symptoms persist, see a doctor.
FAQ
- Does it cause hair loss?
- Not directly, but heavy inflammation and scratching aren't good for hair, so treat it.
- Is it contagious?
- No.
Sources reviewed: 2026-10-26
References
- Clark, G. W., Pope, S. M., & Jaboori, K. A. (2015). Diagnosis and treatment of seborrheic dermatitis. American Family Physician, 91(3), 185–190.
- American Academy of Dermatology. Seborrheic dermatitis: Diagnosis and treatment. AAD.
- Borda, L. J., & Wikramanayake, T. C. (2015). Seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff: A comprehensive review. Journal of Clinical and Investigative Dermatology, 3(2).