History and scholarship
Lysgaard's (1955) U-curve and Oberg's (1960) culture shock began adjustment research; Adler (1975) reframed shock as growth; Berry (1997) set out acculturation strategies. Cohen (1973) analysed drifter tourists, Uriely (2001) distinguished travelling workers from working tourists, and Clarke (2004) studied British working holidaymakers in Australia.
Key points
Age, stay length, quotas, funds and language rules differ by country; check the Foreign Ministry's centre and immigration authorities. Some countries ask for IELTS. Laws, programmes, visa rules and hiring practice change; check official notices, current law and actual postings.
In practice
Describing concrete skills helps it count as experience rather than a gap; some move on to overseas jobs.
FAQ
- Does it count as experience?
- Rarely formally, but can be a strength.
- Age limits?
- Yes, by country.
Sources reviewed: 2026-10-26
References
- 외교부 워킹홀리데이 인포센터. https://whic.mofa.go.kr
- Lysgaard, S. (1955). Adjustment in a foreign society: Norwegian Fulbright grantees visiting the United States. International Social Science Bulletin, 7, 45–51.
- Oberg, K. (1960). Cultural shock: Adjustment to new cultural environments. Practical Anthropology, 7(4), 177–182.
- Cohen, E. (1973). Nomads from affluence: Notes on the phenomenon of drifter-tourism. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 14(1–2), 89–103.
- Adler, P. S. (1975). The transitional experience: An alternative view of culture shock. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 15(4), 13–23.
- Berry, J. W. (1997). Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Applied Psychology, 46(1), 5–34.
- Uriely, N. (2001). 'Travelling workers' and 'working tourists': Variations across the interaction between work and tourism. International Journal of Tourism Research, 3(1), 1–8.
- Clarke, N. (2004). Free independent travellers? British working holiday makers in Australia. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 29(4), 499–509.
- 고용24(고용노동부). https://www.work24.go.kr
- 국가법령정보센터. https://www.law.go.kr
