概念与背景
实证研究
与街头官僚裁量相关。
CampusDown PICK大家都在看
象征代表与批评
存在中立性担忧。
常见问题
- 简单来说是什么?
- 多元公务员代表多元公民。
- 区别是什么?
- 构成相似或实际行动。
来源核查日期:2026-10-26
参考文献
- Kingsley, J. D. (1944). Representative bureaucracy: An interpretation of the British civil service. Antioch Press. 首次使用代表性官僚制一词的原典,适合了解概念起源。
- Mosher, F. C. (1968). Democracy and the public service. Oxford University Press. 区分消极代表与积极代表的经典,适合了解核心概念。
- Selden, S. C. (1997). The promise of representative bureaucracy: Diversity and responsiveness in a government agency. M. E. Sharpe. 实证少数族裔公务员积极代表的著作,适合了解理论检验。
- Keiser, L. R., Wilkins, V. M., Meier, K. J., & Holland, C. A. (2002). Lipstick and logarithms: Gender, institutional context, and representative bureaucracy. American Political Science Review, 96(3), 553–564. 分析性别代表性对教育成果影响的论文,适合了解积极代表的条件。
- Meier, K. J., & Nicholson-Crotty, J. (2006). Gender, representative bureaucracy, and law enforcement: The case of sexual assault. Public Administration Review, 66(6), 850–860. 分析女警比例与性侵案件处理关系的论文,适合了解代表性实证案例。
- Bradbury, M., & Kellough, J. E. (2011). Representative bureaucracy: Assessing the evidence on active representation. American Review of Public Administration, 41(2), 157–167. 检讨积极代表证据的综述,适合了解研究动向。
- Riccucci, N. M., Van Ryzin, G. G., & Lavena, C. F. (2014). Representative bureaucracy in policing: Does it increase perceived legitimacy? Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 24(3), 537–551. 实验检验代表性是否提升公民合法性认知的论文,适合了解象征性代表。
