What is panic disorder?
Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder in which unexpected panic attacks recur and are followed, for at least a month, by worry about further attacks or avoidance (DSM-5-TR).
Symptoms of a panic attack
Attacks peak within minutes and may include a racing heart, chest discomfort, shortness of breath, sweating, trembling, dizziness, nausea, numbness, feelings of unreality and fear of losing control or dying. Because some symptoms overlap with heart or other conditions, a first episode should be checked medically.
Treatment
Cognitive behavioural therapy and medication such as SSRIs prescribed by a clinician are well-supported treatments. See also mindfulness.
Where to get help
- Korea
- 109 (suicide prevention), 1577-0199 (mental health crisis)
- US
- 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline
- UK/Ireland
- Samaritans 116 123
- Emergency
- Local emergency number
This article is general information, not a diagnosis or medical advice. If you are concerned, please consult a qualified health professional.
Frequently asked questions
- Is a panic attack the same as panic disorder?
- No. Panic disorder involves recurrent unexpected attacks plus ongoing worry or avoidance.
- Can panic disorder be treated?
- Yes; CBT and medication are effective for many people.
References
- American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., text rev.; DSM-5-TR).
- National Institute of Mental Health. Panic disorder: When fear overwhelms. nimh.nih.gov.
- 국립정신건강센터. 국가정신건강정보포털(mentalhealth.go.kr), 공황장애.