الأثر العكسي

النشأة

رصد نايهان وريفلر (2010) تقوّي معتقدات خاطئة لدى بعض المستجيبين بعد التصحيح.

المراجعة

لم تجد تجارب شملت أكثر من عشرة آلاف شخص أثراً عكسياً يُذكر.

اليوم

يرفع تدقيق الحقائق الدقة في بلدان عدة، والأثر العكسي نادر.

الأسئلة الشائعة

ما الأثر ببساطة؟

تصحيح يزيد الخطأ رسوخاً.

هل هو شائع؟

لا، فالتجارب الحديثة تُظهر أنه نادر.

تاريخ مراجعة المصادر: 2026-10-26

المراجع

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