الإعداد
التوقع المشترك يهزم نفسه، فلا يوجد نموذج توقع رشيد واحد.
الاستقراء
تذبذب متوسط الحضور حول 60 في محاكاة آرثر.
لعبة الأقلية
يفوز من يختار جانب الأقلية (شاليه وجانغ، 1997).
الأسئلة الشائعة
- ما المشكلة ببساطة؟
- الذهاب ممتع فقط إن لم يذهب الجميع.
- ما لعبة الأقلية؟
- صيغة مبسطة يفوز فيها اختيار الأقلية.
تاريخ مراجعة المصادر: 2026-10-26
المراجع
- Arthur, W. B. (1994). Inductive reasoning and bounded rationality. American Economic Review, 84(2), 406–411.
- Challet, D., & Zhang, Y.-C. (1997). Emergence of cooperation and organization in an evolutionary game. Physica A, 246(3–4), 407–418.
- Challet, D., Marsili, M., & Zhang, Y.-C. (2005). Minority Games: Interacting Agents in Financial Markets. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Simon, H. A. (1955). A behavioral model of rational choice. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 69(1), 99–118.
- Savit, R., Manuca, R., & Riolo, R. (1999). Adaptive competition, market efficiency, and phase transitions. Physical Review Letters, 82(10), 2203–2206.
- Johnson, N. F., Jefferies, P., & Hui, P. M. (2003). Financial Market Complexity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Arthur, W. B., Holland, J. H., LeBaron, B., Palmer, R., & Tayler, P. (1997). Asset pricing under endogenous expectations in an artificial stock market. In W. B. Arthur, S. N. Durlauf & D. A. Lane (Eds.), The Economy as an Evolving Complex System II (pp. 15–44). Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
- Selten, R., Chmura, T., Pitz, T., Kube, S., & Schreckenberg, M. (2007). Commuters route choice behaviour. Games and Economic Behavior, 58(2), 394–406.
- Bottazzi, G., & Devetag, G. (2007). Competition and coordination in experimental minority games. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 17(3), 241–275.
- Rapoport, A., Seale, D. A., Erev, I., & Sundali, J. A. (1998). Equilibrium play in large group market entry games. Management Science, 44(1), 119–141.
- Fogel, D. B., Chellapilla, K., & Angeline, P. J. (1999). Inductive reasoning and bounded rationality reconsidered. IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, 3(2), 142–146.
- Whitehead, D. (2008). The El Farol Bar problem revisited: Reinforcement learning in a potential game. ESE Discussion Papers 186, University of Edinburgh.
- Arthur, W. B. (2015). Complexity and the Economy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
