概述
在意识与控制之外对特定群体自动产生的态度与刻板印象。
发展
与刻板印象威胁相关。
评价
有实证与批评。
常见问题
- 内隐偏见是什么?
- 在意识与控制之外对特定群体自动产生的态度与刻板印象。
- 为何重要?
- 有助于理解社会。
来源核查日期:2026-10-26
参考文献
- Greenwald, A. G., & Banaji, M. R. (1995). Implicit social cognition: Attitudes, self-esteem, and stereotypes. Psychological Review, 102(1), 4–27. 确立内隐社会认知概念的理论论文。
- Greenwald, A. G., McGhee, D. E., & Schwartz, J. L. K. (1998). Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The implicit association test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(6), 1464–1480. 首次提出内隐联想测验的论文。
- Devine, P. G. (1989). Stereotypes and prejudice: Their automatic and controlled components. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56(1), 5–18. 区分自动刻板印象与受控信念的经典。
- Oswald, F. L., Mitchell, G., Blanton, H., Jaccard, J., & Tetlock, P. E. (2013). Predicting ethnic and racial discrimination: A meta-analysis of IAT criterion studies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 105(2), 171–192. 元分析发现IAT对歧视行为预测力弱。
- Forscher, P. S., Lai, C. K., Axt, J. R., Ebersole, C. R., Herman, M., Devine, P. G., & Nosek, B. A. (2019). A meta-analysis of procedures to change implicit measures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 117(3), 522–559. 综合改变内隐测量的干预效果。
- Payne, B. K., Vuletich, H. A., & Lundberg, K. B. (2017). The bias of crowds: How implicit bias bridges personal and systemic prejudice. Psychological Inquiry, 28(4), 233–248. 将内隐偏见视为情境而非个人特征。
- Banaji, M. R., & Greenwald, A. G. (2013). Blindspot: Hidden biases of good people. Delacorte Press. 研究者为大众撰写的入门书。
